Link-plate connection for monopole reinforcing bars

ABSTRACT

Reinforcing bars include load transfer connectors. A link plate includes openings that mate with the load transfer connectors to overlie the splice between reinforcing bars being spliced. A cover plate may be fastened over the link plate.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/894,473 filed on Feb. 12, 2018 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,472,844 on Nov. 12, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/371,680 filed on Dec. 7, 2016 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,926,716 on Mar. 27, 2018, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/552,263 filed Nov. 24, 2014 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,546,497 on Jan. 17, 2017, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/026,522, entitled “Link-Plate Boltless Connection For Monopole Flat Plate Reinforcement,” filed on Jul. 18, 2014, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present application relates to methods and devices for reinforcing monopoles. More specifically, the present invention includes link-plates reinforcing plates/bars attached to monopoles, where the link-plates include holes that mate with blocks welded or loose to pole reinforcing plates to provide a positive connection for transferring the axial loads between the two reinforcing plates/bars.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The wireless telecommunications industry has been growing steadily for a number of years. Consumers continue to demand more coverage, faster access and improved functionality of wireless devices. The advent of data (in addition to voice) has taxed the ability of current networks to support the increased traffic and wireless Carriers are deploying newer, larger and more complex antennas and equipment to increase capacity. This affects both new and existing sites.

New sites are designed to support the larger and heavier equipment—but building new sites is very expensive and is usually done as a last resort and only when coverage areas are to be extended. The more common practice is to use existing sites and to simply replace equipment and antennas as needed. However, existing sites were not always designed for the lateral loads caused by the wind forces on the additional equipment and the supporting monopole must be augmented structurally to allow for these larger antennas and equipment.

A common type of tower built in densely populated urban areas is the monopole. These monopoles are usually multi-sided or round tapered or straight tubular structures with a very small profile and hence more attractive from a zoning and siting approval standpoint. However, these are also the more difficult to augment or modify structurally since the bolting of additional structural elements must be done from the outside as they are too narrow to access from the inside.

One of the more common methods of strengthening these monopoles has been the addition of flat plates or bars to the “flats or flat sides” of the multi-sided structures. Similar concepts are used for cylindrical structures. While this is fairly simple using bolts that can be installed from the outside, the magnitude of the forces seen in the flat plates or bars require very large quantities of bolts at the splice connections between the flat plates or bars for load transfer. For example, a typical splice requires the use of eighteen or more splice bolts per splice per reinforcing plate. Thus, a four-sided plate augmentation design would require seventy-two bolts at each splice elevation. Reinforcing a monopole from the ground to a one-hundred twenty foot elevation may require five or more splices, resulting in more than four-hundred bolts and four-hundred bolt holes to be drilled in the air in the field. As may be appreciated, drilling bolt holes into the monopole and installing such flat plates at elevated heights can be very costly and labor intensive.

As wireless networks continue to tax the structural capacity of existing monopole structures, structural augmentation of these structures with flat plate reinforcing solutions will continue.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention include a device for reinforcing a monopole. In one optional embodiment, a device includes a plurality of reinforcing plates or bars each having ends and a surface. Each of the reinforcing plates or bars includes at least one or two load transfer connectors attached to the reinforcing bar, proximate to at least one of the ends. The load transfer connectors may be attached to the reinforcing bars (such as by welding) or may be integrally formed with the reinforcing bars or keyed in holes in the reinforcing bars. In one optional embodiment, the load transfer connectors are attached to the reinforcing bar surface. In another optional embodiment, the load transfer connectors may fit into openings in the reinforcing bar.

A device also includes a link-plate having one or more openings shaped to mate with the load transfer connectors. In this manner, adjoining reinforcing bars may be spliced by overlaying the link plate over the reinforcing bars and mating the link plate openings with the load transfer connectors (also referred to as shear blocks) of each adjoining reinforcing bar. In an optional embodiment, the mating connection between the link plate openings and the load transfer connectors may be an interference fit, as known as a press fit or a friction fit, as those terms are commonly understood in mechanical engineering.

In an optional embodiment, the device may further include cover plate positioned to overlie the link plate openings while mated with the load transfer connectors.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an elevated perspective view of a pole and assembled link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevated perspective view of an assembled link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an elevated perspective assembly view of a link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an elevated perspective view of a pole and assembled link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an elevated perspective assembly view of a link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an elevated perspective view of a pole and assembled link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an elevated perspective view of a pole and assembled link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an elevated perspective assembly view of a link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is an elevated perspective assembly view of a link-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION

Reference is now made to the figures wherein like parts are referred to by like numerals throughout. The present invention is a system for reinforcing a monopole which includes multiple reinforcing bars 100, 101. In the optional embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-8, each reinforcing bar 100, 101 includes an elongated, flat plate section, although the shape and dimensions of the reinforcing bars 100, 101 may vary depending on the optional embodiment. As illustrated in the figures, the plate sections of the reinforcing bars 100, 101 are sized and shaped to lie along the surface of a monopole 200. For example, in an optional embodiment in which the monopole 200 has a polygonal cross-section, the plate section of the reinforcing bars 100, 101 may be flat. In other optional embodiments in which the monopole 200 has a different shape, such as a cylindrical cross-section, the plate section of the reinforcing bars may have a different shape.

The reinforcing bars 100, 101 are secured to the monopole 200, optionally using bolts or other fasteners 108. As explained in greater detail below, the reinforcing bars 100, 101 are linked together to reinforce the monopole, whether the reinforcing bars are subjected to compression or tension forces.

The reinforcing bars 100, 101 also include load transfer connectors 105 (also referred to as “shear blocks”). In the optional embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, the load transfer connectors are rectangular. However, it is contemplated that the load transfer connectors 105 may take any shape such as round, oval, square, triangular, or the like. Likewise, while the optional embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1-8 show two load transfer connectors 105 per reinforcing bar 100, 101, any quantity of one or more load transfer connectors 105 may be included. Likewise, the placement along the reinforcing bar 100, 101 could take any pattern or form. For example, in the optional embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1-8, the load transfer connectors 105 are aligned along the long axis of the reinforcing bars 100, 101. However, this should be interpreted as merely illustrative, since it is contemplated that the load transfer connectors 105 could be placed in any location and with any pattern.

The load transfer connectors 105 illustrated in FIGS. 1-8 are attached to the reinforcing bars 100, 101. In the optional embodiments of FIGS. 1-5, the load transfer connectors 105 are attached to the surface of the reinforcing bars 100, 101. In the optional embodiment of FIGS. 6-8, the load transfer connectors 105 fit into openings 106 in a reinforcing bar 100. As discussed in greater detail below, the load transfer connectors 105 transfer loads between adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101 of the reinforcing system. Thus, in the optional embodiments of FIGS. 1-8, the load transfer connectors 105 are located proximate to one end (FIGS. 4-8) or both ends (FIGS. 1-3) of each reinforcing bar 100, 101. However, it is contemplated that the load transfer connectors 105 could, in alternate optional embodiments, be additionally, or alternatively disposed along the surface of the reinforcing bars 100, 101 away from the ends of the reinforcing bars 100, 101. Again, it is contemplated that any quantity of load transfer connectors 105, of any shape and distributed in any manner, may be provided on the reinforcing bars 100, 101. In the optional embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, it is contemplated that the load transfer connectors 105 may be attached to the surface of the reinforcing bars 100, 101, such as by welding, or may be integrally formed with the reinforcing bars 100, 101. In the optional embodiment of FIGS. 6-8, it is contemplated that the load transfer connectors 105 may be fitted into openings 106 in each reinforcing bar 100, 101 to be connected.

A link plate 102 overlies the connection between reinforcing bars 100, 101. The link plate 102 includes openings 106 that mate with the load transfer connectors 105. In one optional embodiment, the openings 106 mate with the load transfer connectors 105 with an interference fit (also known as a friction fit or press fit, as those terms are understood in mechanical engineering). Alternatively, the mating connection between the openings 106 and load transfer connectors 105 may be a looser fit, e.g., a transition fit or running fit. The link plate 102 serves to transfer loads between adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101 through the interface of the openings 106 and the load transfer connectors 105. Under load, the openings 106 of the link plate 102 bear against the load transfer connectors 105 of one or both of the underlying reinforcing bars 100, 101, or vice versa, thereby reinforcing the monopole 200. Specifically, as the monopole 200 is subjected to bending forces or moments, longitudinal tension or compression forces are created in the reinforcing bars 100, 101. These forces are transferred between the reinforcing bars 100, 101 through the load transfer connectors 105 and openings 106 of the link plate 102 that connect to the load transfer connectors 105.

In the optional embodiment of FIGS. 1-3, the link plate 102 may include openings 106 that mate with load transfer connectors 105 on both reinforcing bars to be connected 100, 101. In another optional embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4-8, the link plate 102 may be welded to (or otherwise attached to fastened to, or formed with) one reinforcing bar 100 with openings 106 to mate with load transfer connectors 105 on the other reinforcing bar 101 to be connected. As may be appreciated, the link plate 102 of such an optional embodiment may be attached (e.g., welded, fastened, or the like) to the reinforcing bar 100 in the shop prior to installation, in the field during installation, or any other time.

In an optional embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, a cover plate 103 overlies the link plate 102 that connects adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101 to one another. In one such optional embodiment, the cover plate 103 may be held to the link plate 102 with fasteners 104, such as a Type HB Hollo-Bolt™ or other types of fasteners and such bolts were not intended to resist any of the longitudinal tension or compression forces but merely to secure the assembly together.

In use, reinforcing bars 100, 101 may be secured to a monopole 200 using bolts or other fasteners 108 that pass through the reinforcing bar 100, 101 and into the monopole 200. Adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101 may be secured to one another by positioning a link plate 102 over the adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101, with the openings 106 in the link plate 102 aligned with the load transfer connectors 105 of the underlying reinforcing bars 100, 101. The link plate 102 is secured to the reinforcing bars 100, 101 with the openings 106 mated to the load transfer connectors 105. As illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the link plate 102 may mate with load transfer connectors 105 on both adjoining reinforcing bars 100, 101 through the openings 106 in the link plate 102. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the link plate 102 may be secured to one of the reinforcing bars 100, such as through shop-welding or field-welding the link plate 102 to the reinforcing bar 100, and mated to the load transfer connectors 105 on an adjacent reinforcing bar 101 through the openings 106 in the link plate 102.

Referring generally to FIGS. 1-5, in an optional embodiment, a bolt 104 secures the link plate 102 to one or both of the underlying reinforcing bars 100, 101. In a further optional embodiment, a cover plate 103 may be secured over the link plate 102 to cover the mated openings 106 and load transfer connectors 105. In one such optional embodiment, a fastener 104 secures the cover plate 103, link plate 102, and reinforcing bars 100, 101 together.

Use of the link plate 102 would permit more standardization of parts as only a few link plate designs would be needed to properly splice many sizes and shapes of reinforcing bars 100, 101. Additionally, the link plate 102 could be used on many types of monopole structures, such as wind turbines, pipe poles, stepped poles, tapered poles, or the like. Additionally, using the link plate 102 would be more aesthetic as it would minimize the number of bolts used at the splices. The completed installation would appear more like one continuous reinforcing bar connected to the monopole structure. Thus, the present invention seeks to reduce the amount of drilling needed for splicing the reinforcing plates to thereby speed the installation of monopole reinforcing plates and reduce the cost of augmenting and reinforcing monopoles.

In another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, a system for reinforcing a monopole includes a first reinforcing bar 900 having a first reinforcing bar opening 901 and a second reinforcing bar 902 having a second reinforcing bar opening 903. A first load transfer connector 904 is configured to be received in the first reinforcing bar opening 901, and a second load transfer connector 905 is configured to be received in the second reinforcing bar opening 903. A link plate 906 is configured to overlay at least a portion of the first reinforcing bar 901 and the second reinforcing bar 902. The link plate includes a first link plate opening 907 and a second link plate opening 908. The first reinforcing bar 900 and the second reinforcing bar 901 are disposed to at least partially abut the monopole. The first load transfer connector 904 is configured to be received in the first link plate opening 907 to connect the link plate 906 to the first reinforcing bar 900 and the second load transfer connector 905 is configured to be received in the second link plate opening 908 to connect the link plate 906 to the second reinforcing bar 902. The first load transfer connector 904 is received in the first reinforcing bar opening 901 and in the first link plate opening 907 through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit. The second load transfer connector 905 is received in the second reinforcing bar opening 903 and in the second link plate opening 908 through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit. The first load transfer connector 904 and the second load transfer connector 905 are disposed adjacent but do not penetrate the monopole.

In some aspects (not illustrated) one or more of the first load transfer connector and the second load transfer connector have a round or oval shape.

In further aspects a cover plate 910 is configured to overlay at least a portion of the link plate.

In yet further aspects the reinforcing bars 900, 901 are secured to the monopole using bolts or other fasteners 911, and the cover plate 910 may be secured to the link plate 906 with bolts or fasteners 912.

While certain embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described it is to be understood that the present invention is subject to many modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims presented herein. 

What is claimed:
 1. A system for reinforcing a monopole comprising: (a) a first reinforcing bar having a first reinforcing bar opening, the first reinforcing bar having an inner, monopole-engagement surface and an outer surface, the inner and outer surfaces of the first reinforcing bar spaced from one another along a first direction; (b) a second reinforcing bar having a second reinforcing bar opening, the second reinforcing bar having an inner, monopole-engagement surface and an outer surface, the inner and outer surfaces of the second reinforcing bar spaced from one another along the first direction; (c) a first load transfer connector configured to be received in the first reinforcing bar opening in the first direction; (d) a second load transfer connector configured to be received in the second reinforcing bar opening in the first direction; and (e) a link plate configured to overlay at least a portion of the first reinforcing bar and the second reinforcing bar, the link plate defining a first link plate opening and a second link plate opening, wherein the first reinforcing bar and the second reinforcing bar are disposed to at least partially abut the monopole, the first load transfer connector is configured to be received in the first link plate opening to connect the link plate to the first reinforcing bar, the second load transfer connector is configured to be received in the second link plate opening to connect the link plate to the second reinforcing bar, the first load transfer connector is received in the first reinforcing bar opening and in the first link plate opening through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit, the second load transfer connector is received in the second reinforcing bar opening and in the second link plate opening through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit, and the first load transfer connector and the second load transfer connector are disposed adjacent but do not penetrate the monopole.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first reinforcing bar opening through an interference fit.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first reinforcing bar opening through a transition fit.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first reinforcing bar opening through a running fit.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second reinforcing bar opening through an interference fit.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second reinforcing bar opening through a transition fit.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second reinforcing bar opening through a running fit.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first link plate opening through an interference fit.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first link plate opening through a transition fit.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector is received in the first link plate opening through a running fit.
 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second link plate opening through an interference fit.
 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second link plate opening through a transition fit.
 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the second load transfer connector is received in the second link plate opening through a running fit.
 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector or the second load transfer connector is round.
 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the first load transfer connector or the second load transfer connector is oval.
 16. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cover plate configured to overlay at least a portion of the link plate.
 17. A method for reinforcing a monopole, the method comprising: installing a reinforcement system such that first and second reinforcing bars of the reinforcement system are disposed to at least partially abut the monopole, wherein the first reinforcing bar has a first reinforcing bar opening and the second reinforcing bar has a second reinforcing bar opening, and the first and second reinforcing bars each have an inner, monopole-engagement surface and an outer surface, the inner and outer surfaces of each of the first and second reinforcing bars spaced from one another along a first direction, a link plate of the reinforcement system overlies at least a portion of each of the first and second reinforcing bars, wherein the link plate has a first link plate opening and a second link plate opening, a first load transfer connector of the reinforcement system is received in the first reinforcing bar opening and the first link plate opening in the first direction through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit, a second load transfer connector of the reinforcement system is received in the second reinforcing bar opening and the second link plate opening in the first direction through an interference fit, a transition fit, or a running fit, and the first load transfer connector and the second load transfer connector of the reinforcement system are disposed adjacent but do not penetrate the monopole.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the installing step further comprises disposing a cover plate to overlay at least a portion of the link plate.
 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first load transfer connector or the second load transfer connector is round.
 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the first load transfer connector or the second load transfer connector is oval. 